Recently, The Lancet published a study on the effectiveness of COVID-19
vaccines and the waning of immunity with time. The study showed that immune
function among vaccinated individuals 8 months after the administration of
two doses of COVID-19 vaccine was lower than that among the unvaccinated
individuals. According to European Medicines Agency recommendations,
frequent COVID-19 booster shots could adversely affect the immune response
and may not be feasible. The decrease in immunity can be caused by several
factors such as N1-methylpseudouridine, the spike protein, lipid
nanoparticles, antibody-dependent enhancement, and the original antigenic
stimulus. These clinical alterations may explain the association reported
between COVID-19 vaccination and shingles. As a safety measure, further
booster vaccinations should be discontinued. In addition, the date of
vaccination should be recorded in the medical record of patients. Several
practical measures to prevent a decrease in immunity have been reported.
These include limiting the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,
including acetaminophen to maintain deep body temperature, appropriate use
of antibiotics, smoking cessation, stress control, and limiting the use of
lipid emulsions, including propofol, which may cause perioperative
immunosuppression. In conclusion, COVID-19 vaccination is a major risk
factor for infections in critically ill patients.
http://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12985-022-01831-0