社会主义模式已经不灵了 (图) Glider2010-09-09 19:43:51
古巴领导人卡斯特罗:社会主义模式已经不灵了(图)
据美联社9日报道，古巴革命领导人菲德尔·卡斯特罗对一名到访的美国记者说：“古巴的经济模式不起作用了”。这是他在四年前因病移交古巴国家领导权后，极少的几次接受外国记者采访，对国内事务做出的评价。同时，菲德尔·卡斯特罗的弟弟、古巴现任最高领导人劳尔·卡斯特罗也曾说了同样的话。
美国《大西洋月刊》记者杰弗里·戈德堡(Jeffrey Goldberg)问菲德尔·卡斯特罗：“古巴的经济模式是否值得其他国家学习？”菲德尔·卡斯特罗回答道：“古巴的经济模式连我们自身都已经不再适用。”杰弗里·戈德堡8日在博客中描述道，菲德尔·卡斯特罗是在和中东的一次长谈之后说出这些话的，但是古巴政府并没有对杰弗里·戈德堡的言论发表评论。
古巴实行社会主义制度，国有经济超过90%，吃大锅饭的弊端让古巴经济状况不佳，工人人均月收入20美元，国家提供免费医疗和教育，和接近免费的交通和住房。
古巴国务委员会主席劳尔·卡斯特罗上个月提出一系列经济改革方案，警告古巴人应该更加努力而不是依赖政府，但他也明确表示，这些方案并不代表古巴将抛弃社会主义制度投靠资本主义的怀抱。他宣布，古巴将更新经济模式，具体表现为政府将放松对小企业的控制，裁减国营企业富余劳动力，允许私营企业提供更多就业机会，允许更多古巴人成为个体经营者。他表示，新出台的经济措施是古巴社会主义经济“结构性变化”，旨在“保护、发展”社会制度，让它“在未来可持续发展”。
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世界上一些主要通讯社媒体都有报道，包括新华社的官网。这里是路透社的新闻：
Fidel Castro says Cuban model no longer works
(Reuters) - Fidel Castro said Cuba's economic model no longer works, a U.S.-based journalist reported on Wednesday following interviews with the former president last week.
Jeffrey Goldberg, a writer for the Atlantic Monthly magazine, wrote in a blog that he asked Castro, 84, if Cuba's model -- Soviet-style communism -- was still worth exporting to other countries and he replied, "The Cuban model doesn't even work for us anymore."
The comment appeared to reflect Castro's agreement, which he also expressed in a column for Cuban media in April, with his younger brother President Raul Castro, who has initiated modest reforms to stimulate Cuba's troubled economy.
Goldberg said Julia Sweig, a Cuba expert at the Council on Foreign Relations think tank in Washington who accompanied him to Havana, believed Castro's words reflected an acknowledgment that "the state has too big a role in the economic life of the country."
Such sentiment would help President Castro, who took over from his brother in 2008, against those members of the ruling Communist Party who oppose his attempts to loosen the state's hand, Sweig told Goldberg.
Goldberg wrote in a blog on Tuesday that Castro summoned him to Havana to discuss his recent article about the likelihood of conflict between Israel and Iran, with possible U.S. involvement, over Iran's growing nuclear capabilities.
He said Castro criticized Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad for anti-Semitism and denying the Holocaust.
Castro, since emerging in July from four years of seclusion following intestinal surgery, has become an anti-nuclear weapon crusader expressing concern about the future of the world.
He fears that if the United States and Israel try to enforce international sanctions against Iran for its nuclear activities, nuclear war will break out.
Castro also criticized his own actions during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis when he urged the Soviet Union to launch nuclear weapons against the United States, telling Goldberg "it wasn't worth it at all."
During their visit, Goldberg and Sweig went with Castro, at his invitation, to see a dolphin show at Cuba's National Aquarium in Havana.
They were accompanied by local Jewish leader Adela Dworin, who Castro kissed in front of the cameras in a possible message to Iranian leaders, Goldberg said in his Wednesday blog.
Goldberg described Castro as physically frail, but energetic and mentally acute.
(Editing by Mohammad Zargham)