执笔 ashes of time
甲午战争,大清帝国一败涂地。现在,很多人写文章,扒出大清种种不堪,然后下结论说——清军本来就必败无疑。
持这种看法的人,恐怕是“事后诸葛亮”。
当年,国际社会普遍认为大清帝国赢面大,就是日本自己也没有战胜大清的把握。至于大清帝国统治者,更是认为自己必胜:我打不过西方列强,我还打不过你小日本?何况我现在有北洋海军。
然而,战争一开打,清军一败涂地。值得玩味的是,真实的战局全世界都知道就一个群体不知道——大清普通子民。他们不是不知道消息,而是从报纸上看到大量报道——我朝大军屡战屡胜,日军一败再败……
然而,用再厚实的纸包裹谎言,也很容易被真相之火烧得灰飞烟灭。当台湾被割走,全国还要赔偿2亿两白银,谎言编不下去了。大胜的宣传和大败的事实,形成了巨大反差。
这么大一口锅,当然需要一个大人物来背——李鸿章。尽管他在马关挨了一枪,为国家节省了1亿两银子,回国后仍被痛骂为汉奸,人人喊杀。慈禧当然知道李鸿章是代自己受过,为了保护他,让其出洋考察,避避风头……
战前的大清,有些外强中干,就好像一座外表光鲜,结构腐朽的房子,外面的人只看到油漆很新也刷得漂亮。只有里面的人比如李鸿章才知道真相,但他不敢说破。而且,大伙儿需要一个强大的国家,媒体满足了大家的心理和愿望。李鸿章的战略是“保持猛虎在山之势”,威慑对手,但很清楚不能真打……
讲多少道理,都不如一堵南墙,头破血流才知道疼知道错知道改。甲午战争后,出现了留日大潮,中国现代史上政界、军界、文坛不少牛人大咖都有留日经历……
下面,是大清媒体对甲午战争的图片报道,有火牛阵大破日军(以及放狗打败日军),擒杀日军统帅桦山资纪(实为日本海军军令部部长),还有娘子军,甚至还知道日本人民不愿当兵卖命等……而且,关于大陆战场和海上战场很简略,关于朝鲜和台湾战场很详细,个中玄妙,诸位边看边品吧。
大清记者XXX按:
甲午一战,我大清雄师水陆并进,大败蕞尔倭寇。下面是我朝摄影记者从前方发回的综合报道,分7个部分展开:(1)综述;(2)海上战场;(3)朝鲜战场;(4)大陆战场;(5)台湾战场;(6)花絮;(7)附录。
所谓“有图有真相”,本次报道主要以图片为主展开。
为扩大国际影响,扬我国威,特别双语刊出,考虑到中西文化不同,语句略有不同。
综述
我军水、陆皆捷
Victory at sea during the Sino-Japanese War
二、海上战场
1.鸭绿江海战大捷
The victorious battle at the Yalu River
2.我军击沉日舰
Japanese ships are sunk
3.我海军在朝鲜大获全胜
Victory in the naval battle in Korea
4.我海军大胜
Naval battle victory
三、朝鲜战场
1.我军陆战在朝鲜大胜
Victory in the land battle in Korea
2.我军叶志超部水陆并进(1)
The soldiers of General Ye Zhichao march and fight on land and at sea
3.我军叶志超部水陆并进(2)
The soldiers of General Nie Shicheng fight on land and at sea
4.我军叶志超部水陆并进(3)
The soldiers of General Ye Zhichao march and fight on land and at sea
5.牙山大捷(1)
Victory at Asan Japanese slaves in the Korean capital
6.牙山大捷(2)
Victory at Asan
7.牙山大捷(3)
Victory at Asan
8.牙山大捷(4)
News of the victory at Asan
9.我军在朝鲜利用牛阵取得夜战胜利
Victory with cattle during the night in Korea war
10.平壤夜战(1)
The night battle of Pyongyang
11.平壤夜战(2)
The night battle of Pyongyang
12.我军叶志超、聂士成两部联合左宝贵部,收复平壤
Soldiers of Ye Zhichao and Nie Shicheng join together the battalion of Zuo Baogui and retake Pyongyang
13.宋庆将军光复平壤
General Song Qing conquers the Korean capital
14.平壤大捷
Victory in Pyongyang
15.克复朝鲜(1)
Retaking Korea
16.克复朝鲜(2)
Retaking Korea
三、大陆战场
1.我彭将军坐镇边境
The battalion division with horses illustration
2.我军宋庆、聂士成部在连山关大败日军
Victory at Lianshanguan by the soldiers of Generals Song Qing and Nie Shicheng
3.宋庆将军在摩天岭用地雷战击败敌军
Fenhuangcheng landmine ambush leads General Song to victory at the Motian pass
4.威海卫大捷
Victory in the battle of Weihaiwei
五、台湾战场
1.日军攻入台北,全岛人心惶惶
Everyone who is coming from Tainan reports that Japanese soldiers got into Taipei government house
2.日寇向国外借8000骑兵进攻台南,被击退后不敢登岛
(Left)The Japanese reportedly borrow from another country eight thousand cavalry to attack Tainan...
(Right) Japanese forces are wounded and do not dare to land on the Chinese shores.
3.台湾乡绅议定绝不割地
Taiwan's officials and prominent citizens refuse to allow cession of territory
4.台湾有钱人家慷慨解囊支持军队和政府
Commoners from all over Taiwan donate silver to the President of the Republic Tang Xianmin to support the costs of war
5.刘永福将军率领大军进军安南
Recent news General Liu recruits tens of thousands of people to march towards Annan
6.日寇听说刘将军回师新竹,吓得赶紧跑路
Japanese army retreats inexorably after General Liu's army takes back the city of Zhuqian modern day Hsinchu
7.我军在台湾用狗击败日寇
(Left) Lin Chaodong is famous also in Taiwan.
(Right) Inciting dogs to defeat the Japanese
8.刘将军收复海关
Some days ago, General Liu's army has recaptured Taiwan's customs post
9.刘将军擒获日寇首领桦山资纪
General Liu Yongfu interrogates the captured Japanese governor Kabayama
10.日寇被刘将军打败后畏之如虎
After repeated defeats, the Japanese fear Liu Yongfu as if he were a tiger
11.刘永福将军领导军民联手,成功保卫台湾
Liu Yongfu protects Tainan after the victory obtained together with the native people
12.台湾各界欢庆胜利
(Left) Ministers of world countries greet the Emperor
(Right) Commemoration of Taiwan victory
13.台湾保卫战宣告胜利
Bulletin about victory in Taiwan
14.刘将军保卫台湾,黑旗军名扬四海
The battalion of General Liu protects Taiwan from the world famous Heiqibin
五、日本谈判
1.李中堂大人受到热烈欢迎
Li Fuxiang receives greetings
2.李鸿章与外国使节谈判
Foreign countries work with the imperial commissioner Li Fuxiang Li Hongzhang
六、花絮
1.飒爽英姿娘子军
Women also joined the army
2.孙将军之子为父报仇,痛击日军
General Sun Gengtang's son risks his life to save the country at Sandiao Ridge
3.军民关系如鱼水
General Liu Dajiang's army estabilish friendly relations with the native people
4.日本人民不愿当兵卖命
A soldier is arrested
5.上海商人收到林将军的台湾来信,诸事顺利
Last month merchants in Shanghai received a letter from Lin Chaodong who is in Taizhong
6.公审正法倭奸(1)
Arrest and interrogation of Japanese soldiers
7.公审正法倭奸(2)
Arrest and interrogation of Japanese soldiers
8.烧死日军统帅桦山资纪(实为日本海军军令部部长 笔者注)
The Japanese general Kabayama has been captured
七、附件
1.宣传册第1卷
Volume 1 of the illustrated book Defeat the Japanese
2.宣传册第2卷
Volume 2 of the illustrated book Defeat the Japanese
说明
以上图片均出自甲午战争时期晚清媒体的图片报道,后由英国图书馆收藏。部分图片散见于网络,但不全,也缺少英文图注。笔者特地从英国图书馆下载了这51张图片并写明中英文图注,在此分享给大家,图片版权归原作者和英国图书馆所有。
特此说明。
许述工作室创始人简介
许述,四川宜宾人,军事学博士,曾在《书屋》等媒体发表文章70余篇,接受过凤凰卫视等媒体采访,受邀到华为等演讲十余次,出版专著《这才是美军》,出版一年5次加印,在京东新书热卖榜常居TOP3,登上三联书店畅销书排行榜,进入美国纽约公立图书馆和澳大利亚国家图书馆。