边学边卖审美快餐-达达主义 心存善念2022-01-22 17:15:48
Artist Raoul Hausmann's c. 1920 assemblage, Mechanical Head (The Spirit of Our Age), was meant to symbolize the empty spirit of the post-World War I era.
达达主义并非艺术流派，而是1916年至1923年间出现的艺术运动，一种无政府主义的艺术运动，它试图通过废除传统的文化和美学形式发现真正的现实。达达主义的艺术家通过反美学的作品和抗议活动，来表达了他们对第一次世界大战后社会现状的绝望。
Dada was an art movement formed during the First World War in Zurich in negative reaction to the horrors and folly of the war. The art, poetry and performance produced by dada artists is often satirical and nonsensical in nature.
Dada artists felt the war called into question every aspect of a society capable of starting and then prolonging it – including its art. Their aim was to destroy traditional values in art and to create a new art to replace the old.
As the artist Hans Arp later wrote:
“Revolted by the butchery of the 1914 World War, we in Zurich devoted ourselves to the arts. While the guns rumbled in the distance, we sang, painted, made collages and wrote poems with all our might.”
In addition to being anti-war, dada was also anti-bourgeois and had political affinities with the radical left.
The founder of dada was a writer, Hugo Ball. In 1916 he started a satirical night-club in Zurich, the Cabaret Voltaire, and a magazine which, wrote Ball, ‘will bear the name ”Dada”. Dada, Dada, Dada, Dada.’ This was the first of many dada publications. Dada became an international movement and eventually formed the basis of surrealism in Paris after the war.
Leading artists associated with it include Arp, Marcel Duchamp, Francis Picabia and Kurt Schwitters. Duchamp’s questioning of the fundamentals of Western art had a profound subsequent influence.